Indications |
Oral Adjunct in chronic alcoholism Adult: 800 mg as a single dose on the 1st day of treatment, reduce dose by 200 mg daily. Maintenance: 100-200 mg daily. |
Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity, CVS diseases; peripheral neuropathy, psychosis. Not to be used in patients with alcohol intoxication. |
Warnings / Precautions |
Diabetes, epilepsy, hepatic/renal impairment, hypothyroidism, cerebral damage, elderly. Liver function and blood tests should be monitored regularly. Pregnancy and lactation. |
Adverse Reactions |
Drowsiness, fatigue, lassitude, psychotic reactions, peripheral and optic neuropathies, hepatotoxicity, garlic-like or metallic after-taste, GI upset, body odour, bad breath, headache, impotence. Potentially Fatal: Respiratory depression, CV collapse, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, acute CHF, convulsions, sudden death. |
Drug Interactions |
Inhibits hepatic enzymes thus interferes with metabolism of other drugs; enhances anticoagulant effects of phenytoin and coumarin. Adverse CNS effects may be precipitated with concurrent metronidazole, INH or MAOI therapy. Tricyclic antidepressants exacerbate symptoms of disulfiram alcohol reaction. Potentially Fatal: Disulfiram alcohol interaction: Intense flushing of neck and face accompanied by heat and sweating, tachycardia, palpitation, dyspnoea, dizziness, headache, HTN initially and then hypotension; GI disturbances, exhaustion, convulsions and cardiopulmonary arrest. See Below for More disulfiram Drug Interactions |
Mechanism of Actions |
Disulfiram inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, the oxidative enzyme of acetaldehyde, a metabolite of alcohol. The latter is accumulated in the blood, thus producing unpleasant symptoms of disulfiram-alcohol reaction when a patient has taken small amounts of alcohol. Onset: 12 hrs. Duration: 1-2 wk after last dose. Absorption: Rapidly absorbed from the GIT; peak plasma concentrations after 8-10 hrs (oral). Metabolism: Reduction to diethyldithiocarbamate by the glutathione reductase system in the erythrocytes. Excretion: Urine (as metabolites); exhaled gas (carbon disulphide). |
Administration |
May be taken with or without food. |
Storage Conditions |
Oral: Store at 15-30°C. |
ATC Classification |
N07BB01 - disulfiram ; Belongs to the class of drugs used in the management of alcohol dependence. P03AA04 - disulfiram ; Belongs to the class of sulfur-containing agents used as ectoparasiticides. |
Storage |
Oral: Store at 15-30°C. |
Available As |
|
Disulfiram
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Disulfiram Containing Brands
Disulfiram is used in following diseases
Drug - Drug Interactions of Disulfiram
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