Vasopressin

Indications
 Parenteral
Cranial diabetes insipidus
Adult: As argipressin: 5-20 units SC/IM every 4 hr.
Intravenous
Initial control of variceal bleeding
Adult: As argipressin: 20 units in 100 ml of glucose 5% infused over 15 min.
Contraindications
 Hypersensitivity. Vascular disease especially coronary artery disease; chronic nephritis (until reasonable blood-nitrogen conc attained).
Warnings / Precautions
 Heart failure; migraine; epilepsy; asthma or other conditions which might be exacerbated by fluid retention; renal impairment; hypertension or other conditions that may worse with BP increase. Adjust fluid intake to avoid fluid overload. Lactation, pregnancy (especially 3rd trimester as it may have oxytocic effect).
Adverse Reactions
 Pallor, vomiting, nausea, belching, abdominal cramps, tremour, pounding headache, vertigo, fluid retention, hyponatraemia, hypersensitivity reaction, sweating, urticaria, gangrene, desire to defecate, arrhythmias, bradycardia, angina, MI and bronchoconstriction.
Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis; cardiac arrest or shock.
Drug Interactions
 Carbamazepine, chlorpropamide, clofibrate, urea, fludrocortisone and tricyclic antidepressants may potentiate the antidiuretic action of vasopressin. Demeclocycline, noradrenaline, lithium, heparin and alcohol may decrease antidiuretic action of vasopressin. Ganglionic blockers may increase sensitivity to the pressor effect of vasopressin. Increased risk of QT prolongation with dolasetron.
See Below for More vasopressin Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Vasopressin is a posterior pituitary hormone which may be synthetically prepared or extracted from animals. It exerts direct antidiuretic action on the kidneys by increasing tubular reabsorption of water. Vasopressin also acts by constricting the peripheral blood vessels and causes the smooth muscle of the intestine, gall bladder and urinary bladder to contract. Vasopressin is given parenterally or intranasally in the form of argipressin or lypressin. Argipressin is a synthetic type of vasopressin derived from most mammals (including man but excluding pig) while lypressin is vasopressin from pig.
Storage Conditions
 Intravenous: Store between 15-25°C (59-77°F). Parenteral: Store between 15-25°C (59-77°F).
ATC Classification
 H01BA01 - vasopressin ; Belongs to the class of vasopressin and analogues. Used in posterior pituitary lobe hormone preparations.
Storage
 Intravenous: Store between 15-25°C (59-77°F). Parenteral: Store between 15-25°C (59-77°F).
Available As
  • Vasopressin 10 iu
  • Vasopressin 20 iu
  • Vasopressin 40 iu

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