Spiramycin

Indications
 Oral
Toxoplasmosis
Adult: 6-9 million units/day in 2-3 divided doses, increased to 15 million units/day, given in divided doses for severe infections.
Child: and neonates: Chemoprophylaxis of congenital toxoplasmosis: 50 mg/kg bid.
Oral
Protozoal infections
Adult: 6-9 million units/day in 2-3 divided doses, increased to 15 million units/day, given in divided doses for severe infections.
Child: and neonates: Chemoprophylaxis of congenital toxoplasmosis: 50 mg/kg bid.
Oral
Cryptosporidiosis
Adult: 6-9 million units/day in 2-3 divided doses, increased to 15 million units/day, given in divided doses for severe infections.
Child: and neonates: Chemoprophylaxis of congenital toxoplasmosis: 50 mg/kg bid.
Oral
Susceptible infections
Adult: 6-9 million units/day in 2-3 divided doses, increased to 15 million units/day, given in divided doses for severe infections.
Child: and neonates: Chemoprophylaxis of congenital toxoplasmosis: 50 mg/kg bid.
Intravenous
Toxoplasmosis
Adult: 1.5 million units by slow infusion every 8 hr, may double the dose in severe infections.
Intravenous
Protozoal infections
Adult: 1.5 million units by slow infusion every 8 hr, may double the dose in severe infections.
Intravenous
Cryptosporidiosis
Adult: 1.5 million units by slow infusion every 8 hr, may double the dose in severe infections.
Intravenous
Susceptible infections
Adult: 1.5 million units by slow infusion every 8 hr, may double the dose in severe infections.
Contraindications
 Hypersensitivity.
Warnings / Precautions
 Hepatic impairment; pregnancy and lactation. Monitor liver function. History of arrhythmias or predisposition to QT interval prolongation.
Adverse Reactions
 Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea; urticaria, pruritus, macular rashes. Transient paraesthesia may occur.
Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembranous colitis; anaphylaxis; neuromuscular blockade; ventricular arrhythmias, prolongation of QT interval.
Drug Interactions
 Decreases carbidopa absorption and levodopa concentrations. Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias when used with astemizole, cisapride and terfenadine. Risk of acute dystonia when used with fluphenazine.
See Below for More spiramycin Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Spiramycin is a macrolide antibacterial that inhibits protein synthesis by irreversibly binding to the 50S subunit of the ribosomal subunit thus blocking the transpeptidation or translocation reactions of susceptible organisms resulting in stunted cell growth.
Absorption: Incompletely absorbed from the GI tract (oral); peak plasma concentrations after 1.5-3 hr.
Distribution: Widely distributed into tissues, enters breast milk. Protein binding: 10-25%.
Metabolism: Metabolised hepatically to active metabolites.
Excretion: Via bile (as metabolites), via urine (10%); 5-8 hr (elimination half-life).
Administration
 May be taken with or without food.
ATC Classification
 J01FA02 - spiramycin ; Belongs to the class of macrolides. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
Available As
  • Spiramycin 0.375 million iu
  • Spiramycin 1.5 million iu
  • Spiramycin 3 million iu

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