Oxprenolol

Indications
 Oral
Hypertension
Adult: As hydrochloride: 80-160 mg daily in 2-3 divided doses. May increase dose every 1-2 wk until adequate response is obtained. Max: 320 mg daily although up to 480 mg daily has been used. Modified-release tablet: Up to 320 mg once daily.
Oral
Angina pectoris
Adult: As hydrochloride: 80-160 mg daily in 2-3 divided doses. Max: 320 mg daily.
Oral
Cardiac arrhythmias
Adult: As hydrochloride: 40-240 mg daily in 2-3 divided doses.
Oral
Anxiety
Adult: As hydrochloride: 40-80 mg daily as a single dose or in 2 divided doses.
Contraindications
 2nd and 3rd degree AV block; sinus bradycardia; uncontrolled heart failure; allergic rhinitis, bronchospasm or asthma; sick sinus syndrome; right ventricular failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension; cardiogenic shock.
Warnings / Precautions
 History of severe anaphylaxis to allergens; treatment of anaphylaxis (e.g. epinephrine) may be ineffective in patients on β-blockers. Compensated heart failure, DM, severe hepatic impairment or inflammatory diseases, myasthenia gravis, peripheral vascular disease (including Raynaud's), untreated phaeochromocytoma, history of psychiatric illness. Do not withdraw abruptly (particularly in patients with coronary artery disease). May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
 Pulmonary oedema, postural hypotension, prolonged PR interval, sinus arrest, palpitation, chest pain, peripheral vascular disorders, hot flashes, syncope; vertigo, lightheadedness, headache, dizziness, anxiety, depression, nervousness, irritability, hallucinations, sleep disturbances, sedation, slurred speech; dry skin, rash, pruritus; decreased libido, impotence, wt gain, hypoglycaemia; GI disturbances; thrombocytopenia, leukopenia; elevated LFTs; paraesthesia, weakness; keratoconjunctivitis, dry and itching eyes, blurred vision; tinnitus; increased BUN; dyspnoea, wheezing; diaphoresis.
Potentially Fatal: CHF, heart block, severe bradycardia, bronchospasm.
Overdose Reactions
 Symptoms: Hypotension, bradycardia, CHF, bronchospasm, hypoglycaemia. Cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, impairment of consciousness, and generalised convulsions may occur. Treatment: Symptomatic and supportive. Atropine 1-2 mg IV may be used for bradycardia/hypotension. Pressors, e.g. norepinephrine may be given if outcome is unsatisfactory. Glucagon (1-10 mg) may also be used.
Drug Interactions
 Bradycardic and hypotensive effects may be enhanced by fentanyl. Excessive reduction of sympathetic activity may occur with MAOIs, reserpine, guanethidine. Effect may be enhanced by cimetidine. Additive CNS depression may occur with opiate analgesics, antihistamines, ethanol, psychoactive drugs. May enhance the vasoconstrictive effects of ergot alkaloids. Effect may be reduced with indometacin (and possibly other NSAIDs). May enhance effects of insulin and oral antidiabetics. Hypertensive reactions may occur with sympathomimetics e.g. epinephrine.
Potentially Fatal: Hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest may occur with IV diltiazem and verapamil. Myocardial depression may be additive with inhalant anaesthetics. May enhance negative inotropic and negative dromotropic effect of quinidine, amiodarone, disopyramide.
See Below for More oxprenolol Drug Interactions
Food Interactions
 Ephedra, yohimbe and ginseng may exacerbate hypertension.
Mechanism of Actions
 Oxprenolol is a non-cardioselective β-blocker. It competitively antagonises catecholamine-induced tachycardia at cardiac β-receptor sites, resulting in reduced cardiac output. It also inhibits renin release by the kidneys, and inhibits the vasomotor centres.
Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma levels within 1 or 2 hr (oral).
Distribution: Protein-binding: About 80%. Crosses the placenta and present in breast milk; crosses the blood-brain barrier.
Metabolism: Hepatic; undergoes first-pass metabolism.
Excretion: Almost entirely via urine. Elimination half-life: 1-2 hr.
Administration
 May be taken with or without food.
Storage Conditions
 Oral: Store at 30°C (86°F). Protect from heat.
ATC Classification
 C07AA02 - oxprenolol ; Belongs to the class of non-selective beta-blocking agents. Used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Storage
 Oral: Store at 30°C (86°F). Protect from heat.
Available As
  • Oxprenolol 40 mg
  • Oxprenolol 80 mg

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