Miglitol

Indications
 Oral
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Adult: Initially, 25 mg tid, to be taken at the start (with the 1st bite) of each main meal. Increase if necessary after 4-8 wk to usual maintenance dose 50 mg tid. Max dose 100 mg tid.
Contraindications
 Renal clearance <25 ml/min, GI motility disorders or the presence of inflammatory bowel disease, diabetic ketoacidosis, colonic ulceration, or partial intestinal obstruction. Lactation.
Warnings / Precautions
 Hypoglycaemia, renal impairment.
Adverse Reactions
 Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, flatulence, skin rash. To minimise GI effects, treatment may be initiated at 25 mg once daily and increased gradually to three times daily.
Drug Interactions
 Miglitol may significantly reduce the bioavailability of ranitidine and propranolol. Intestinal adsorbents (e.g, charcoal) and digestive enzyme preparations containing carbohydrate-splitting enzymes (e.g, amylase, pancreatin) may reduce the effect and should not be taken concomitantly.
See Below for More miglitol Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Miglitol inhibits of alpha-glucosidase enzymes present in the intestine. It delays carbohydrate metabolism, decreases carbohydrate absorption, and thereby smoothens the postprandial increase in plasma glucose.
Absorption: Absorption from GI tract is saturable at high doses. Peak concentrations reached in 2-3 hr.
Distribution: <4% protein bound
Excretion: Eliminated in the urine as unchanged drug. Elimination half life is around 2 hr.
Administration
 Should be taken with food. (Take w/ 1st bite of each main meal.)
Storage Conditions
 Oral: Store at 15-30°C
ATC Classification
 A10BF02 - miglitol ; Belongs to the class of alpha glucosidase inhibitors. Used in the treatment of diabetes.
Storage
 Oral: Store at 15-30°C
Available As
  • Miglitol 25 mg
  • Miglitol 50 mg

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