Epoetin

Indications
 Parenteral
Anaemia of chronic renal failure
Adult: Given via SC route: 60 units/kg/wk for 4 wk. Dose may be divided to be given on daily or 3 times/wk. When admin via IV, initial dose: 40 units/kg 3 times/wk for 4 wk. May be increased to 80 units/kg 3 times/wk. For SC and IV routes, subsequent doses can be increased at 60 units/kg/wk until target is reached.
Max Dosage: 720 units/kg/wk.
Subcutaneous
Anaemia related to non-myeloid malignant disease chemotherapy
Adult: 450 units/kg/wk. May be divided into 3-7 doses for solid tumours, multiple myeloma, low-grade Hodgkin's disease, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. May double dose after 4 wk, if necessary. Treatment may continue for up to a mth after chemotherapy. If no adequate response is achieved after 4 wk at higher dose, then treatment should be stopped.
Subcutaneous
Anaemia of prematurity
Adult: 250 units/kg 3 times wkly. Treatment should be started as early as possible and continued for 6 wk.
Parenteral
Increase yield of autologous blood
Adult: Up to 800 units/kg IV, or up to 600 units/kg SC, twice wkly for 4 wk before surgery.
Contraindications
 Uncontrolled hypertension. Neonates: injections containing benzyl alcohol.
Warnings / Precautions
 Hypertension, history of seizure, thrombocytosis, chronic hepatic impairment, ischaemic vascular disease, malignant tumours, epilepsy; recent MI or CVA. Fe deficiency, infection, inflammatory disorders, haemolysis and aluminium intoxication may decrease response to epoetin beta. Regularly monitor platelet counts and serum-potassium concentrations. Control haematocrit levels. Poorly-controlled hypertension: Monitor BP, Hb and electrolytes. Anaemia (eg, megaloblastic or folic acid): Give Fe supplements when needed. Thromobocytosis: monitor platelet count for 1st 8 wk. Lactation.
Adverse Reactions
 Headache, seizures; hypertension; thrombosis at vascular access sites, clotting in the dialyser, transient increases in platelet count, flu-like symptoms including chills, myalgia, hyperkalaemia, skin rashes; hypertensive crisis with encephalopathy-like symptoms, including headache and confusion, generalised seizures (patients with normal or low blood pressure). Rarely, anaphylactoid reactions.
Drug Interactions
 Antagonises the hypotensive effects of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin-II receptor antagonists and increases risk of hyperkalaemia
See Below for More epoetin beta Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Epoetin beta stimulates RBC production in the bone marrows which transmits O2 through out the body.
Absorption: Absorbed slowly and incompletely following SC admin at 23-43%.
Storage Conditions
 Parenteral: Refrigerate at 2-8°C. Subcutaneous: Refrigerate at 2-8°C.
Storage
 Parenteral: Refrigerate at 2-8°C. Subcutaneous: Refrigerate at 2-8°C.
Available As
  • Epoetin 10000 iu
  • Epoetin 2000 iu
  • Epoetin 3000 iu
  • Epoetin 4000 iu
  • Epoetin 5000 iu

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