Cilostazol

Indications
 Oral
Peripheral vascular disease
Adult: 100 mg bid. May reduce dose in patients taking enzyme inhibitors concurrently.
Contraindications
 Heart failure; known predisposition to bleeding; history of ventricular arrhythmias; QT interval prolongation; severe renal impairment; moderate to severe hepatic impairment.
Warnings / Precautions
 Congestive heart disease. Concurrent therapy with clopidogrel has not been studied for safety or efficacy. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
 Headache, dizziness, palpitations, diarrhoea, abnormal stools; pain, infection; peripheral oedema, nausea, vomiting, other cardiac arrhythmias, chest pain, rhinitis, pharyngitis, ecchymosis and skin rash.
Overdose Reactions
 Symptoms include: severe headache, diarrhoea, hypotension, tachycardia, and possibly cardiac arrhythmias. Careful observation and supportive treatment are recommended.
Drug Interactions
 Co-admin with drugs that affect CYP3A4 (erythromycin, other macrolides, diltiazem) or CYP2C19 (omeprazole) may influence the pharmacokinetics of cilostazol.
See Below for More cilostazol Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Cilostazol is a reversible, selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-III (PDE-III), thereby suppressing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) degradation. Increase in cAMP in platelets and blood vessels leads to inhibition of platelet aggregation and vasodilation. Cilostazol also inhibits adenosine uptake into cells, which augments the cAMP-elevating effect of PDE-III inhibition.
Absorption: Absorbed from the GI tract after oral admin.
Distribution: 95-98% bound to plasma proteins.
Metabolism: Extensively metabolised hepatically by CYP450 isoenzymes, mainly CYP3A4.
Excretion: Mainly excreted in the urine, remainder excreted in the faeces.
Administration
 Should be taken on an empty stomach. (Take at least ½ hr before or 2 hr after meals.)
Storage Conditions
 Oral: Store at 25°C.
Storage
 Oral: Store at 25°C.
Available As
  • Cilostazol 100 mg
  • Cilostazol 200 mg
  • Cilostazole 50 mg
  • Cilostazol 50 mg

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