Ketotifen

Indications
 Oral
Allergic conditions
Adult: 1 mg bid up to 2 mg bid, as needed. Alternatively, 0.5-1 mg at night for the 1st few days of treatment to minimise drowsiness.
Child: 6 mth to 3 yr: 0.5 mg bid; >3 yr: 1 mg bid.
Oral
Asthma prophylaxis
Adult: 1 mg bid up to 2 mg bid, as needed. Alternatively, 0.5-1 mg at night for the 1st few days of treatment to minimise drowsiness.
Child: 6 mth to 3 yr: 0.5 mg bid; >3 yr: 1 mg bid.
Ophthalmic
Allergic conjunctivitis
Adult: As 0.025% solution: Instill 1 drop into the affected eye(s) bid.
Child: ≥3 yr: As 0.025% solution: Instill 1 drop into the affected eye(s) bid.
Contraindications
 Acute asthma attack.
Warnings / Precautions
 May impair tasks requring mental alertness e.g. driving or operating machinery. History of epilepsy. Pregnancy and lactation. Children <3 yr.
Adverse Reactions
 Sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, weight gain, increased appetite, CNS stimulation. Rarely, cystitis. Conjunctival injection, headaches and rhinitis (ophthalmic).
Overdose Reactions
 Symptoms: Drowsiness, confusion, dyspnoea, bradycardia or tachycardia, disorientation, convulsions, severe hypotension, reversible coma. Management: Supportive and symptomatic.
Drug Interactions
 Reduced platelet count with oral antidiabetics.
Potentially Fatal: May potentiate CNS effects of sedatives, hypnotics, antihistamines and alcohol.
See Below for More ketotifen Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Ketotifen selectively and noncompetitively inhibits the release of mediators from cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions. It is also a mast cell stabiliser.
Onset: Within min (ophthalmic).
Absorption: Absorbed completely for the GIT (oral); bioavailability: 50%; peak plasma concentrations after 2-4 hr.
Distribution: Protein-binding: 75%.
Metabolism: Hepatic first-pass metabolism.
Excretion: Via urine (as inactive metabolites and traces of unchanged drug); 21 hr (elimination half-life).
Administration
 Should be taken with food.
Storage Conditions
 Ophthalmic: Store at 25°C. Oral: Store below 25°C (77°F).
ATC Classification
 R06AX17 - ketotifen ; Belongs to the class of other antihistamines for systemic use.
S01GX08 - ketotifen ; Belongs to the class of other ophthalmologic antiallergics.
Storage
 Ophthalmic: Store at 25°C. Oral: Store below 25°C (77°F).
Available As
  • Ketotifen 0.05%
  • Ketotifen Fumarate 0.25 mg
  • Ketotifen 0.5 mg
  • Ketotifen 1 mg
  • Ketotifen Fumarate 1 mg

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