Doxazosin

Indications
 Oral
Hypertension
Adult: As mesilate: Initially, 1 mg at bedtime increased after 1-2 wk according to response. Maintenance: 4 mg once daily. Max: 16 mg daily.
Oral
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Adult: As mesilate: Initially, 1 mg once daily at bedtime increased after 1-2 wk; monitor BP after 2-6 hr. Maintenance: 2-4 mg daily. Max: 8 mg daily.
Contraindications
 Known hypersensitivity to quinazolines.
Warnings / Precautions
 Renal or hepatic impairment. Prostatic carcinoma should be ruled out before starting therapy. Orthostatic hypotension may occur at the initiation of therapy or when there is dose increase. Avoid driving or performing hazardous tasks for 24 hr after starting therapy or dose changes. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions
 Chest pain, fatigue, headache, influenza-like symptoms, pain, hypotension, palpitation, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea, oedema, dizziness, dry mouth, somnolence, dyspnoea, respiratory disorders, vision abnormalities, impotence, urinary tract infection, increased sweating, anxiety, insomnia. Vertigo, orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmia, hypotension, arthralgia/arthritis, muscle weakness, myalgia, kinetic disorders, ataxia, hypertonia, muscle cramps, flushing, tinnitus, sexual dysfunction, rhinitis, epistaxis, polyuria, urinary incontinence, fatigue/malaise, face oedema.
Overdose Reactions
 Symptom of overdosage would include hypotension. IV fluid infusion may be used. Doxazosin is highly protein bound, thus dialysis would not be useful.
Drug Interactions
 Decreased hypotensive effect with NSAIDs. Increased hypotensive effect with β-blockers, diuretics, ACE inhibitors, calcium-channel blockers.
See Below for More doxazosin Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Doxazosin competitively blocks the α1-adrenoceptors on postsynaptic effector cells in arteriolar and venous vascular beds resulting in vasodilation of veins and decrease in total peripheral resistance and BP.
Onset: 2-6 hr (oral).
Duration: 24 hr.
Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract; peak plasma concentrations after 2 hr (oral).
Distribution: Protein-binding: Extensive.
Metabolism: Extensively hepatic.
Excretion: Faeces (small amounts as unchanged drug and as metabolites); 22 hr (elimination half-life); not removed by dialysis.
Administration
 May be taken with or without food.
ATC Classification
 C02CA04 - doxazosin ; Belongs to the class of alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonists, peripherally-acting antiadrenergic agents. Used in the treatment of hypertension.
Available As
  • Doxazosin 1 mg
  • Doxazosin 2 mg
  • Doxazosin 4 mg

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