Indications |
Oral Type 2 diabetes mellitus Adult: Initially, 250 mg daily as a single dose in the morning. Subsequent doses may be changed by 50-125 mg at intervals of 3-5 days. Maintenance: 100-500 mg daily. Max dose: 750 mg daily. Max Dosage: Oral Cranial diabetes insipidus Adult: Initially, 100 mg daily increased if necessary. Max dose: 350-500 mg daily. |
Contraindications |
Type 1 DM, ketoacidosis, diabetic coma, severe infections or trauma. Renal, thyroid or hepatic impairment, porphyria. |
Warnings / Precautions |
May cause intolerance to alcohol; higher risk of hypoglycemia in patients who are malnourished, elderly, patients with adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, taking more than one glucose-lowering drug, on β-adrenergic blockers or after prolonged period of exercise. Pregnancy and lactation. |
Adverse Reactions |
GI disturbances; hypoglycaemia; cholestatic jaundice; agranulocytosis, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia; nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain; weakness, paraesthesia, headache and sensitivity reactions, syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion. Potentially Fatal: Hypoglycaemia especially in elderly with renal or hepatic disease. |
Overdose Reactions |
Symptoms include hypoglycaemia. Mild hypoglycaemic symptoms without loss of consciousness or neurologic findings may be treated with oral glucose and adjustments in drug dosage and/or meal patterns. |
Drug Interactions |
Abrupt withdrawal of phenobarbital or rifampicin may result in hypoglycaemia. Clofibrate potentiates chlorpropamide action. Probenecid decreases excretion. Alcohol impairs recovery from chlorpropamide-induced hypoglycaemia. Facial flushing with alcohol ingestion. Potentially Fatal: Phenylbutazone, large doses of salicylates and coumarins potentiate the action of chlorpropamide. Chloramphenicol, in large doses, reduces urinary excretion. Thiazide diuretics reduce insulin release. Phenytoin and verapamil also reduce insulin release. Corticosteroids are potent antagonists of insulin and lead to marked deterioration in glucose tolerance. Oral contraceptives also antagonise insulin action. β-blockers lead to mild deterioration in glucose tolerance. See Below for More chlorpropamide Drug Interactions |
Food Interactions |
Absorption delayed but bioavailability not affected. |
Mechanism of Actions |
Chlorpropamide stimulates the secretion of endogenous insulin from β-cells of the pancreas. It also exhibits antidiuretic activity by enhancing vasopressin in the renal tubules. Duration: 24 hr. Absorption: Readily absorbed from the GI tract (oral). Distribution: Crosses the placenta; enters breast milk. Protein-binding: Extensive. Metabolism: Hepatic (80%). Excretion: Urine (as metabolites and unchanged drug); 35 hr (elimination half-life). |
Administration |
Should be taken with food. |
ATC Classification |
A10BB02 - chlorpropamide ; Belongs to the class of sulfonamides, urea derivatives. Used in the treatment of diabetes. |
Available As |
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Chlorpropamide
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Chlorpropamide Containing Brands
Chlorpropamide is used in following diseases
Drug - Drug Interactions of Chlorpropamide
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