Ornidazole

Therapeutic Class
 Antiprotozoal
Indications

Treatment of parasitic infections, including amebiasis, giardiasis, and Trichomonas vaginalis; treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of anaerobic bacteria.
Adult Doses

Oral
Amoebiasis
 0.5 g bid for 5-10 days.
Amoebic dysentery
1.5 g as a single daily dose for 3 days. Alternatively for patients >60 kg: 1 g bid for 3 days.
Giardiasis
1-1.5 g as a single daily dose for 1-2 days.
Trichomoniasis
1.5 g as a single daily dose or 0.5 g bid for 5 days. Treat sexual partners concomitantly.

Intravenous
Severe amoebic dysentery
Initially, 0.5-1 g infusion followed by 0.5 g every 12 hrs for 3-6 days.
Amoebic liver abscess
Initially, 0.5-1 g infusion followed by 0.5 g every 12 hrs for 3-6 days.
Anaerobic bacterial infections
Initially, 0.5-1 g followed by 1 g daily as a single dose or in 2 divided doses for 5-10 days. Doses to be given via infusion. Substitute with 500 mg every 12 hr orally as soon as possible.
Prophylaxis of postoperative anaerobic bacterial infections
1 g by IV about 30 minutes before surgery.

Reconstitution: Dilute to a concentration of ≤5 mg/ml.
Pediatric Doses

Oral
Amoebiasis
25 mg/kg as a single daily dose for 5-10 days.
Amoebic dysentery
40 mg/kg daily.
Giardiasis
30-40 mg/kg daily.
Trichomoniasis
25 mg/kg as a single dose.

Intravenous
Severe amoebic dysentery
20-30 mg/kg body wt daily.
Amoebic liver abscess
20-30 mg/kg body wt daily.
Anaerobic bacterial infections
10 mg/kg every 12 hr for 5-10 days.

Reconstitution: Dilute to a concentration of ≤5 mg/ml.
Doses in Renal impairment

Haemodialysis patients: Give a supplemental dose (50% of the usual dose) before dialysis.
Doses in Hepatic impairment

Severe: Double the interval between doses.
Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to ornidazole or to other nitroimidazole derivatives.
Warnings / Precautions

Renal and hepatic impairment. CNS diseases e.g. epilepsy or multiple sclerosis. May impair ability to drive or operate machinery. Pregnancy and lactation.
Adverse Reactions

Somnolence, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tremor, rigidity, poor coordination, seizures, tiredness, vertigo, temporary loss of consciousness and signs of sensory or mixed peripheral neuropathy, taste disturbances, abnormal LFTs, skin reactions.
Drug Interactions

Potentiates effect of coumarin-type oral anticoagulants. Prolongs the muscle-relaxant effect of vecuronium bromide.
See Below for More ornidazole Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions

Ornidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative active against protozoa and anaerobic bacteria. It is converted to reduction products that interact with DNA to cause destruction of helical DNA structure and strand leading to a protein synthesis inhibition and cell death in susceptible organisms.
Pharmacodynamics

Absorption: Readily absorbed (oral and intravaginal); peak plasma concentrations after 2 hr (oral), 12 hr (intravaginal).
Distribution: Body tissues and fluids (wide), CSF. Protein-binding: <15%.
Metabolism: Hepatic.
Excretion: Via urine (as conjugates and metabolites), via faeces (small amounts); 12-14 hr (elimination half-life).
ATC Classification
 G01AF06,J01XD03,P01AB03
GenericPedia Classification
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    Available As
  • Ornidazole 1.5 gm
  • Ornidazole 100 mg
  • Ornidazole 1000 mg
  • Ornidazole 120 mg
  • Ornidazole 125 mg
  • Ornidazole 150 mg
  • Ornidazole 1500 mg
  • Ornidazole 200 mg
  • Ornidazole 25 mg
  • Ornidazole 250 mg
  • Ornidazole 400 mg
  • Ornidazole 5 mg
  • Ornidazole 500 mg
  • Ornidazole 600 mg
  • Ornidazole 750 (2 Tablet) mg
  • Ornidazole 750 mg
  • Ornidazole 750 mg (2 tab)

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