Indications |
Oral Tuberculosis Adult: As part of a mulitdrug regimen, 20-25 mg/kg (max: 2 g) daily or 1.5-3 g 3 times wkly. Child: As part of a mulitdrug regimen, 35 mg/kg daily or 50 mg/kg 3 times wkly or 75 mg/kg twice wkly. Max dose: 3 g daily. Renal impairment: May need dose reduction. Special Populations: Reduce dose in patients with renal impairment. |
Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity; existing liver disease; acute gout or hyperuricaemia. Porphyria. Pregnancy and lactation. |
Warnings / Precautions |
Diabetes, renal failure, history of gout, children. Monitor liver function and serum uric acid regularly. |
Adverse Reactions |
Hepatotoxicity (hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and jaundice may develop and in rare case fulminating acute yellow atrophy and death). Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia, malaise, fever, hyperuricaemia, abnormal LFT, skin rashes. Potentially Fatal: Severe liver damage, fulminant hepatitis. |
Drug Interactions |
Excretion may be blocked by probenecid. See Below for More pyrazinamide Drug Interactions |
Mechanism of Actions |
Pyrazinamide has bactericidal action against M. tuberculosis in acid environment present in macrophages and inflammed tissue. Together with rifampicin provides greatest sterilising action with reduction in relapse rate. Reduces tubular secretion of uric acid. Absorption: Readily absorbed from the GI tract (oral); peak plasma concentrations after 2 hr. Distribution: Body fluids and tissues (wide), CSF, enters breast milk. Metabolism: Hepatic; hydrolysed to pyrazinoic acid (active) then hydroxylated to 5-hydroxypyrazinoic acid (major excretory product). Excretion: Via urine by glomerular filtration (70% as metabolites, 4-14% as unchanged); 9-10 hr (elimination half-life), removed by dialysis. |
Administration |
Should be taken with food. |
Storage Conditions |
Oral: Store at 15-30°C. |
ATC Classification |
J04AK01 - pyrazinamide ; Belongs to the class of other drugs used in the systemic treatment of tuberculosis. |
Storage |
Oral: Store at 15-30°C. |
Available As |
|
Pyrazinamide
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Drug - Drug Interactions of Pyrazinamide
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