Indications |
Oral Moderate to severe dementia in Alzheimer's disease Adult: As hydrochloride: Initially, 5 mg daily in the morning for the 1st wk; increase dose wkly in steps of 5 mg. Max: 20 mg daily. Wait for at least 1 wk between dose changes. Doses ≥10 mg/day should be given in 2 divided doses. Suggested titration: 5 mg daily for ≥1 wk; 5 mg bid for ≥1 wk; 15 mg daily given in 5- and 10-mg separated doses for ≥1 wk; then 10 mg bid.
Special Populations: In moderate renal impairment, dose reduction is recommended, and avoid use if severe renal impairment. |
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Contraindications |
Severe renal impairment. | ||||
Warnings / Precautions |
Renal impairment; epilepsy. Pregnancy and lactation. Closely monitor patients with recent MI, uncompensated CHF, uncontrolled hypertension. Predisposition to convulsions; conditions that increase urinary pH. | ||||
Adverse Reactions |
Dizziness, confusion, headache, constipation, somnolence, hallucinations, tiredness, vomiting, anxiety, abnormal gait, hypertonia, cystitis and increased libido. Rarely, psychotic reactions, pancreatitis. | ||||
Overdose Reactions |
Symptoms: Loss of consciousness, psychosis, restlessness, somnolence, stupor, visual hallucinations. Management: Symptomatic and supportive. Elimination may be increased by acidifying the urine. | ||||
Drug Interactions |
May increase effects of antimuscarinics and dopaminergics. May reduce effects of antipsychotics and barbiturates. May alter effects of dantrolene, baclofen. Reduced clearance with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and sodium bicarbonate. Potentially Fatal: Increased risk of adverse effects with amantadine, dextromethorphan or ketamine. See Below for More memantine Drug Interactions |
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Mechanism of Actions |
Memantine, a derivative of amantadine, is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonist. It affects transmission of glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS. Glutamate may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by overstimulating various glutamate receptors resulting in excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death. Absorption: Well absorbed (oral); peak plasma concentrations in about 3-8 hr. Distribution: Protein-binding: Approx 45%. Metabolism: Partial hepatic metabolism; main metabolites are N-3,5-dimethyl-gludantan and 1-nitroso-3,5-dimethyl-adamantane. Excretion: Via urine (unchanged; some active renal tubular secretion and reabsorption occurs). 60-100 hr (terminal half-life). |
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Administration |
May be taken with or without food. |
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Storage Conditions |
Oral: Store at 15-30°C (59-86°F). | ||||
ATC Classification |
N06DX01 - memantine ; Belongs to the class of other anti-dementia drugs. | ||||
Storage |
Oral: Store at 15-30°C (59-86°F). | ||||
Available As |
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Memantine
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Memantine Containing Brands
Memantine is used in following diseases
Drug - Drug Interactions of Memantine
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