Citric Acid

Indications
 Oral
As an alkaliniser agent
Adult: As sodium citrate and citric acid solution: 10-30 ml after meals and at bedtime. Dosage should be individualised according to patient's response and tolerance. As sodium citrate: 1-2 g every 2-4 hr when necessary.
Child: As sodium citrate and citric acid solution: 5-15 ml after meals and at bedtime. Dosage should be individualised according to patient's response and tolerance.
Contraindications
 Patients on a sodium-restricted diet. Severe renal impairment. Potassium citrate and citric acid oral solution are contraindicated in patients with adynamia episodica hereditaria, acute dehydration, heat cramps, anuria, severe myocardial damage, or hyperkalaemia.
Warnings / Precautions
 Monitor electrolyte balance and acid-base balance regularly especially in patients with renal disorders. Patients with low urine output, congestive heart failure, hypertension, renal dysfunction, peripheral or pulmonary oedema, or toxaemia of pregnancy. Preparations containing potassium should be used with extreme caution in patients in whom large amount of potassium may have a detrimental effect.
Adverse Reactions
 Frequent administration or intake of large quantities may cause teeth erosion and have a local irritant effect.
Drug Interactions
 Oral doses of citrate may increase intestinal absorption of aluminium ions.
See Below for More citric acid Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Citrate salts are alkalinisers. They are commonly used in situations where long-term maintenance of an alkaline urine is necessary and in the management of chronic metabolic acidosis. Citric acid is also used in effervescing mixtures and as a synergist to improve the efficacy of antioxidants. It may also be used in preparations that are used in the treatment of dry mouth and to dissolve renal calculi and prevent encrustation of urinary catheters.
Metabolism: Citrate salts are largely metabolised.
Excretion: <5% of an oral dose is excreted unchanged in the urine.
ATC Classification
 A09AB04 - citric acid ; Belongs to the class of acid preparations used as digestives.
Available As
  • Citric Acid 0.0025 gm
  • Citric Acid 0.19 gm
  • Citric Acid 0.577 gm
  • Citric Acid 0.73 gm
  • Citric Acid 1.154 gm
  • Citric Acid 1.19 gm
  • Citric Acid 10 mg
  • Citrate 10 mmol
  • Citric Acid 17.88%
  • Citric Acid 186.66 mg
  • Citric Acid 2 gm
  • Citric Acid 2.04 gm
  • Citric Acid 2.5 mg
  • Citric Acid 22 mg
  • Citric Acid 28.75 mg
  • Citric Acid 300 mg
  • Citric Acid 33.4 mg
  • Citric Acid 333 mg
  • Citric Acid 334 mg
  • Citric Acid 35 mg
  • Citric Acid 40 mg
  • Citric Acid 400 mg
  • Citric Acid 5 mcg
  • Citric Acid 6.5 mg
  • Citric Acid 65 mg
  • Citrate 8 meq
  • Citric Acid 8 mg

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