Potassium

Indications
 Oral
Prophylaxis of hypokalaemia and mild K deficiency
Adult: Prevention of hypokalaemia: 20 mEq daily. Treatment of hypokalaemia: 40-100 mEq/day. Give in divided doses if >20 mEq/day.
Oral
Hypokalaemia
Adult: Prevention of hypokalaemia: 20 mEq daily. Treatment of hypokalaemia: 40-100 mEq/day. Give in divided doses if >20 mEq/day.
Intravenous
Severe acute hypokalaemia
Adult: If serum potassium level >2.5 mEq/L, give at a rate not exceeding 10 mEq/hr in a concentration of up to 40 mEq/L. Max dose: 200 mEq/24 hr. If serum potassium level <2 mEq/L, may infuse at a rate of up to 40 mEq/hr. Continuous cardiac monitoring is essential. Max dose: 400 mEq/24 hr.
Max Dosage: 2-3 mmol potassium/kg body wt in 24 hrs.
Contraindications
 Hyperchloraemia, severe renal or adrenal insufficiency.
Warnings / Precautions
 Renal or adrenocortical insufficiency; cardiac disease; acute dehydration; extensive tissue destruction. Pregnancy. Ensure adequate urine output; monitor plasma-potassium and other electrolyte concentrations. Discontinue treatment if severe nausea, vomiting or abdominal distress develops. Accumulation of potassium may occur in renal impairment.
Adverse Reactions
 GI ulceration (sometimes with haemorrhage and perforation or with late formation of strictures) following the use of enteric-coated K chloride preparation; hyperkalaemia. Oral: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. IV: Pain or phloebitis; cardiac toxicity.
Drug Interactions
 Potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ciclosporin and potassium-containing drugs. Antimuscarinics delay gastric emptying time consequently increasing risk of GI adverse effects esp of solid oral dosage forms.
See Below for More potassium chloride Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Potassium chloride is a major cation of the intracellular fluid. It plays an active role in the conduction of nerve impulses in the heart, brain and skeletal muscle; contraction of cardiac skeletal and smooth muscles; maintenance of normal renal function, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism and gastric secretion.
Absorption: Well absorbed from the upper GI tract.
Distribution: Active transport mechanism allows K chloride to enter cells from the extracellular fluid.
Excretion: Mainly via the urine with small amounts via the sweat and faeces.
Administration
 Potassium: Should be taken with food.
Potassium chloride: Should be taken with food.
Storage Conditions
 Intravenous: Store at 15-30°C. Oral: Store below 30°C.
ATC Classification
 A12BA01 - potassium chloride ; Belongs to the class of potassium-containing preparations. Used as dietary supplements.
B05XA01 - potassium chloride ; Belongs to the class of electrolyte solutions used in I.V. solutions.
Storage
 Intravenous: Store at 15-30°C. Oral: Store below 30°C.
Available As
  • Potassium 0.1 mg
  • Potassium 0.5 mg
  • Potassium 1 mg
  • Potassium 1.72 gm
  • Potassium 10 meq
  • Potassium 10 mg
  • Potassium 1000 mg
  • Potassium 1043 mg
  • Potassium 1196 mg
  • Potassium 1226 mg
  • Potassium 125 mg
  • Potassium 13.3%
  • Potassium 14 mcg
  • Potassium 1400 mcg
  • Potassium 15 mcg
  • Potassium 15 mg
  • Potassium 15 mmol
  • Potassium 150 mcg
  • Potassium 150 mg
  • Potassium 16.67 mg
  • Potassium 17 meq
  • Potassium 189.56 mg
  • Potassium 2 mg
  • Potassium 2.7 mg
  • Potassium 20 meg
  • Potassium 20 mmol
  • Potassium 22.5 mg
  • Potassium 273.56 mg
  • Potassium 275 mg
  • Potassium 288.83 mg
  • Potassium 3 mg
  • Potassium 320 mg
  • Potassium 327 mg
  • Potassium 35 meq
  • Potassium 35 mg
  • Potassium 370 mg
  • Potassium 370mg
  • Potassium 389 mg
  • Potassium 4 mg
  • Potassium 40 mg
  • Potassium 400 mg
  • Potassium 405.5 mg
  • Potassium 410 mg
  • Potassium 420 mg
  • Potassium 435 mcg
  • Potassium 45 mg
  • Potassium 465 mg
  • Potassium 470 mg
  • Potassium 485 mg
  • Potassium 5 mg
  • Potassium 5.1 mmol
  • Potassium 50 mcg
  • Potassium 50 mg
  • Potassium 500 mg
  • Potassium 519.5 mg
  • Potassium 520 mg
  • Potassium 523600 mcg
  • Potassium 534 mg
  • Potassium 535 mg
  • Potassium 536 mg
  • Potassium 552 mg
  • Potassium 570 mg
  • Potassium 573 mg
  • Potassium 600 mg
  • Potassium 700 mg
  • Potassium 703 mg
  • Potassium 712 mg
  • Potassium 75 mg
  • Potassium 750 mg
  • Potassium 780 mg
  • Potassium 80 mg
  • Potassium 800 mg
  • Potassium 810 mg
  • Potassium 840 mg
  • Potassium 9 mcg
  • Potassium 90 mg
  • Potassium 900 mg
  • Potassium 96 mg

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