Indications |
Oral Prophylaxis of hypokalaemia and mild K deficiency Adult: Prevention of hypokalaemia: 20 mEq daily. Treatment of hypokalaemia: 40-100 mEq/day. Give in divided doses if >20 mEq/day. Oral Hypokalaemia Adult: Prevention of hypokalaemia: 20 mEq daily. Treatment of hypokalaemia: 40-100 mEq/day. Give in divided doses if >20 mEq/day. Intravenous Severe acute hypokalaemia Adult: If serum potassium level >2.5 mEq/L, give at a rate not exceeding 10 mEq/hr in a concentration of up to 40 mEq/L. Max dose: 200 mEq/24 hr. If serum potassium level <2 mEq/L, may infuse at a rate of up to 40 mEq/hr. Continuous cardiac monitoring is essential. Max dose: 400 mEq/24 hr. Max Dosage: 2-3 mmol potassium/kg body wt in 24 hrs. |
Contraindications |
Hyperchloraemia, severe renal or adrenal insufficiency. |
Warnings / Precautions |
Renal or adrenocortical insufficiency; cardiac disease; acute dehydration; extensive tissue destruction. Pregnancy. Ensure adequate urine output; monitor plasma-potassium and other electrolyte concentrations. Discontinue treatment if severe nausea, vomiting or abdominal distress develops. Accumulation of potassium may occur in renal impairment. |
Adverse Reactions |
GI ulceration (sometimes with haemorrhage and perforation or with late formation of strictures) following the use of enteric-coated K chloride preparation; hyperkalaemia. Oral: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. IV: Pain or phloebitis; cardiac toxicity. |
Drug Interactions |
Potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ciclosporin and potassium-containing drugs. Antimuscarinics delay gastric emptying time consequently increasing risk of GI adverse effects esp of solid oral dosage forms. See Below for More potassium chloride Drug Interactions |
Mechanism of Actions |
Potassium chloride is a major cation of the intracellular fluid. It plays an active role in the conduction of nerve impulses in the heart, brain and skeletal muscle; contraction of cardiac skeletal and smooth muscles; maintenance of normal renal function, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism and gastric secretion. Absorption: Well absorbed from the upper GI tract. Distribution: Active transport mechanism allows K chloride to enter cells from the extracellular fluid. Excretion: Mainly via the urine with small amounts via the sweat and faeces. |
Administration |
Potassium: Should be taken with food. Potassium chloride: Should be taken with food. |
Storage Conditions |
Intravenous: Store at 15-30°C. Oral: Store below 30°C. |
ATC Classification |
A12BA01 - potassium chloride ; Belongs to the class of potassium-containing preparations. Used as dietary supplements. B05XA01 - potassium chloride ; Belongs to the class of electrolyte solutions used in I.V. solutions. |
Storage |
Intravenous: Store at 15-30°C. Oral: Store below 30°C. |
Available As |
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Potassium
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Potassium Containing Brands
Potassium is used in following diseases
Drug - Drug Interactions of Potassium
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