Phenol

Indications
 Buccal
Pain or irritation of the mouth and throat
Adult: Spray (1.4%): Spray directly in throat; rinse for 15 sec then expectorate. May repeat every 2 hr. Gargle (1.4%): Gargle or swish for 15 sec then expectorate. May repeat every 2 hr.
Child: Spray: 2-12 yr: 3 sprays of 1.4% solution or 5 sprays of 0.5% solution onto throat or affected area; may repeat every 2 hr. ≥12 yr: 5 sprays of 1.4% solution directly onto throat; rinse for 15 sec then expectorate. May repeat every 2 hr. Gargle: 6-12 yr: Using gauze pad, apply 10 ml of 1.4% solution to affected area, or gargle or swish for 15 sec, then expectorate. ≥12 yr: Gargle or swish 1.4% solution for 15 sec then expectorate. May repeat every 2 hr.
Oral
Pain or irritation of the mouth and throat
Adult: Suck up to two 29-mg lozenges every 2 hr as necessary.
Child: 6-12 yr: One 14.5 or 29-mg lozenge every 2 hr as needed. Max: Eighteen 14.5-mg lozenges or ten 29-mg lozenges in 24 hr. ≥12 yr: Up to two 29-mg lozenges every 2 hr as necessary.
Injection
Sclerotherapy of haemorrhoids
Adult: Inject 2-3 ml of phenol 5% in a suitable fixed oil (Oily Phenol Inj, BP) into the submucosal layer at the base of the pile; several inj may be given at different sites. Max: 10 ml at any one time.
Topical/Cutaneous
Antiseptic
Adult: Apply small amount of 1.5% paint to affected area 1-3 times daily.

Incompatibility: Incompatible with alkaline salts and nonionic surfactants.
Contraindications
 Throat spray: Epiglottitis, child <6yr. Oily phenol inj: Neonates or children.
Warnings / Precautions
 Spray/Gargle: Do not use in sore throat for >7 days or if pain, redness, or irritation continues. If sore throat is severe, not for use >2 days or if followed by fever, headache, rash, nausea, or vomiting. Topical solution: Do not use in eyes, or apply to large skin areas or wounds, animal bites or burns. Do not use for >7 days; do not bandage affected area.
Adverse Reactions
 Topical solution: Blanching and corrosion (sometimes with pain). Submucosal inj: Pain, discomfort, giddiness, local ulceration, sterile abscess formation. When ingested: Extensive local corrosion (with pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, diarrhoea). Excitation, unconsciousness, CNS depression, cardiac arrhythmias, circulatory and respiratory failure. Acidosis, haemolysis and methaemoglobinaemia with cyanosis. Dark brown or green urine, pulmonary oedema, myocardial, hepatic and kidney damage.
Potentially Fatal: Throat spray: Acute epiglottitis, oedema of the epiglottis and/or larynx. Submucosal inj: Necrotising fascitis, retroperitoneal sepsis.
Overdose Reactions
 If swallowed, activated charcoal may be useful. If spilled on the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash skin with glycerol or with copious amounts of water. Treat contaminated eyes by flooding with water or sodium chloride 0.9% only for at least 10-15 min. Give IV sodium bicarbonate if metabolic acidosis is present.
Drug Interactions
 Antimicrobial activity may be reduced by agents that increase pH.
See Below for More phenol Drug Interactions
Lab Interactions
 Absorbed phenol may interfere with ferric chloride test for urinary ketones or salicylates, test for ionised serum calcium, serum sulfonamide measurement, Benedict's test for glycosuria and estimation of plasma catecholamines by trihydroxyindole method.
Mechanism of Actions
 Phenol is an antiseptic and disinfectant. It has also been used as local anaesthetic, neurolytic, sclerosing agent, and for the treatment of ingrowing toenails. When used in haemorrhoids as a sclerosing agent, it fixes the mucosa of the underlying muscles by producing submucosal fibrosis.
Absorption: Absorbed from the GI tract and through skin and mucous membranes.
Metabolism: Metabolised to phenylglucuronide and phenyl sulfate; small amounts oxidised to catechol and quinol.
Excretion: Via urine (as metabolites); may tint the urine dark brown or green.
Storage Conditions
 Buccal: Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from humidity. Injection: Store below 25°C (77°F). Protect from light. Oral: Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from humidity. Topical/Cutaneous: Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from humidity.
ATC Classification
 C05BB05 - phenol ; Belongs to the class of sclerosing agent used as local injection in antivaricose therapy.
D08AE03 - phenol ; Belongs to the class of phenol and derivatives antiseptics. Used in the treatment of dermatological diseases.
N01BX03 - phenol ; Belongs to the class of other agents used as local anesthetics.
R02AA19 - phenol ; Belongs to the class of antiseptics used in throat preparations.
Storage
 Buccal: Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from humidity. Injection: Store below 25°C (77°F). Protect from light. Oral: Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from humidity. Topical/Cutaneous: Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from humidity.
Available As
  • Phenol 0.2% w/v
  • Phenol 0.25%
  • Phenol 0.5%
  • Phenol 0.5% v/v
  • Phenol 0.5% w/v
  • Phenol 0.5% w/w
  • Phenol 1.250 mg
  • Phenol 12.5% w/v

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