Oxytetracycline

Indications
 Oral
Infections caused by susceptible pathogens
Adult: 250-500 mg 4 times daily. Max 4 g daily.
Child: >8 yr: 25-50 mg/kg daily in 4 divided doses.
Renal impairment: Dosage may need to be reduced.
Oral
Acne
Adult: 250-500 mg bid.
Renal impairment: Dosage may need to be reduced.
Oral
Uncomplicated gonorrhoea
Adult: 1.5 g initially, followed by 0.5 g four times daily up to a total of 9 g per treatment course.
Renal impairment: Dosage may need to be reduced.
Intramuscular
Infections caused by susceptible pathogens
Adult: 250 mg once daily or 300 mg daily in 2-3 divided doses.
Child: >8 yr: 15-25 mg/kg (max 250 mg) daily in 2-3 divided doses.
Renal impairment: Dosage may need to be reduced.
Ophthalmic
Superficial bacterial infections of the eye
Adult: Used in combination with other agents: As ointment: Apply a small amount in the lower conjunctival sac of the infected eye 2-4 times daily. As suspension: Instill 1-2 drops into the affected eye tid.
Topical/Cutaneous
Infected dermatitis
Adult: In combination with a topical steroid: Apply up to 4 times daily.
Contraindications
 Hypersensitivity to tetracyclines, children <8 yr, renal damage. Pregnancy, lactation.
Warnings / Precautions
 Elderly, renal or hepatic impairment; myasthenia gravis; lupus erythematosus, children <12 yr.
Adverse Reactions
 Anorexia, nausea, vomiting,diarrhoea, glossitis, dysphagia, photosensitivity, oesphageal irritation and ulceration, nephrotoxicity, enterocolitis, rash (rare), blood dyscrasias. Headache, visual disturbances; intracranial hypertension; bulging fontanelles (infants).
Potentially Fatal: Rare. Fulminant diarrhoea in post operative patients.
Drug Interactions
 Antacids, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, zinc salts reduce absorption. Concurrent use may cause increased levels of lithium, digoxin, halofantrine and theophylline; decreased concentrations of atovaquone. Increased risk of ergotism with ergot alkaloids. May cause failure of oral contraception.
Potentially Fatal: Interferes with anticoagulant control. Nephrotoxic effects exacerbated by diuretics, methoxyflurane or other nephrotoxic drugs; avoid concurrent use with potentially hepatotoxic drugs. Increased incidence of benign intracranial hypertension with retinoids.
See Below for More oxytetracycline Drug Interactions
Lab Interactions
 Interferes with urinary glucose and catecholamine estimations.
Food Interactions
 Absorption reduced by food, milk and milk products. Give 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals.
Mechanism of Actions
 Oxytetracycline binds reversibly to the 30S and possibly 50S ribosomal subunits, thus inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and arresting cell growth. It is active against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Distribution: Protein-binding: 20-40%
Metabolism: Hepatic (small amounts).
Excretion: Urine, faeces; 9 hr (elimination half-life).
Administration
 Should be taken on an empty stomach. (Take on an empty stomach 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals.)
ATC Classification
 D06AA03 - Oxytetracycline ; Belongs to the class of topical tetracycline and derivatives agents used in the treatment of dermatological diseases.
G01AA07 - Oxytetracycline ; Belongs to the class of antibiotics. Used in the treatment of gynecological infections.
J01AA06 - Oxytetracycline ; Belongs to the class of tetracyclines. Used in the systemic treatment of infections.
S01AA04 - Oxytetracycline ; Belongs to the class of antibiotics. Used in the treatment of eye infections.
Available As
  • Oxytetracycline 10 mg
  • Oxytetracycline 250 mg
  • Oxytetracycline 30 mg
  • Oxytetracycline 5% w/w
  • Oxytetracycline 50 mg
  • Oxytetracycline 500 mg

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