Miglitol

Indications
Oral
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Adult: Initially, 25 mg tid, to be taken at the start (with the 1st bite) of each main meal. Increase if necessary after 4-8 wk to usual maintenance dose 50 mg tid. Max dose 100 mg tid.
Contraindications
Renal clearance <25 ml/min, GI motility disorders or the presence of inflammatory bowel disease, diabetic ketoacidosis, colonic ulceration, or partial intestinal obstruction. Lactation.
Warnings / Precautions
Hypoglycaemia, renal impairment.
Adverse Reactions
Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, flatulence, skin rash. To minimise GI effects, treatment may be initiated at 25 mg once daily and increased gradually to three times daily.
Drug Interactions
Miglitol may significantly reduce the bioavailability of ranitidine and propranolol. Intestinal adsorbents (e.g, charcoal) and digestive enzyme preparations containing carbohydrate-splitting enzymes (e.g, amylase, pancreatin) may reduce the effect and should not be taken concomitantly.
See Below for More miglitol Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
Miglitol inhibits of alpha-glucosidase enzymes present in the intestine. It delays carbohydrate metabolism, decreases carbohydrate absorption, and thereby smoothens the postprandial increase in plasma glucose.
Absorption: Absorption from GI tract is saturable at high doses. Peak concentrations reached in 2-3 hr.
Distribution: <4% protein bound
Excretion: Eliminated in the urine as unchanged drug. Elimination half life is around 2 hr.
Administration
Should be taken with food. (Take w/ 1st bite of each main meal.)
Storage Conditions
Oral: Store at 15-30°C
ATC Classification
A10BF02 - miglitol ; Belongs to the class of alpha glucosidase inhibitors. Used in the treatment of diabetes.
Storage
Oral: Store at 15-30°C
Available As
  • Miglitol 25 mg
  • Miglitol 50 mg
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