Indications |
Oral Dietary supplement Adult: Adjust according to individual requirement. RDA (elemental magnesium): 19-30 yr: Female: 310 mg/day, pregnant female: 350 mg/day, male: 400 mg/day. ≥31 yr: Female: 320 mg/day, pregnant female: 360 mg/day, male: 420 mg/day. Intravenous Hypomagnesaemia Adult: 4 g of Magnesium Chloride in 250 mL of 5% Dextrose inj given via IV infusion (Max rate: 3 mL/min). Monitor serum magnesium to guide subsequent dosage. Usual dosage range: 1-40 g Magnesium Chloride daily. |
Contraindications |
Intravenous: Patients with renal impairment, marked myocardial disease, and comatose condition. |
Warnings / Precautions |
Risk of hypermagnesaemia in patients with renal impairment. Caution in myasthenia gravis, pregnancy. Oral: Take with food to reduce stomach upset and diarrhoea. Intravenous: Administer cautiously if sweating and flushing occurs. Monitor serum magnesium concentrations, respiratory rate, blood pressure, deep tendon reflex and renal function. |
Adverse Reactions |
Oral: Watery diarrhoea, GI irritation. Intravenous: Nausea, vomiting, flushing, thirst, hypotension. Potentially Fatal: Potentially Hazardous: Intravenous: Hypermagnesaemia may lead to respiratory depression, loss of deep tendon reflexes and cardiac arrest. |
Overdose Reactions |
Symptoms of hypermagnesaemia: Respiratory depression and loss of deep tendon reflexes due to neuromuscular blockade; nausea, vomiting, flushing, hypotension, drowsiness, bradycardia and muscle weakness. Treatment: In patients with normal renal function, IV fluids or furosemide may be given to promote Magnesium excretion. In patients with symptomatic hypermagnesaemia, slow IV inj of calcium gluconate can be used to antagonise the cardiac and neuromuscular effects of Magnesium. |
Drug Interactions |
Oral magnesium salts may decrease absorption of bisphosphonates, quinolone antibiotics and tetracycline derivatives; admin should be separated apart if concomitant use is required. Magnesium-containing products may reduce absorption of eltrombopag by 70%; separate admin by at least 4 hr. Calcitriol may increase serum concentrations of Magnesium salts. Magnesium salts may decrease serum concentrations of mycophenolate if used concurrently; monitor for reduced effects of mycophenolate. Concomitant use of trientine and magnesium salt may reduce serum concentrations of both agents. See Below for More magnesium chloride Drug Interactions |
Mechanism of Actions |
Magnesium is essential to many enzymatic reactions in the body, acting as a cofactor in protein synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. 8.36 g of Magnesium chloride (hexahydrate) is equivalent to about 1 g of magnesium. Each g of magnesium chloride (hexahydrate) represents about 4.9 mmol of magnesium and 9.8 mmol of chloride. Absorption: Oral: About one-third is absorbed from the small intestine. The fraction of magnesium absorbed is inversely proportional to amount ingested. Distribution: Plasma protein binding: About 25-30%. Magnesium crosses the placenta. Excretion: Parenteral magnesium salts: Excreted mainly in urine. Oral magnesium salts: Via urine (absorbed fraction); faeces (unabsorbed fraction). |
Storage Conditions |
Intravenous: Oral: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Intravenous inj: Prior to reconstitution, store at 15-30°C (59-86°F). Oral: Oral: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Intravenous inj: Prior to reconstitution, store at 15-30°C (59-86°F). |
ATC Classification |
A12CC01 - magnesium chloride ; Belongs to the class of magnesium-containing preparations. Used as dietary supplements. B05XA11 - magnesium chloride ; Belongs to the class of electrolyte solutions used in I.V. solutions. |
Storage |
Intravenous: Oral: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Intravenous inj: Prior to reconstitution, store at 15-30°C (59-86°F). Oral: Oral: Store at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Intravenous inj: Prior to reconstitution, store at 15-30°C (59-86°F). |
Available As |
|
Magnesium
Post Review about Magnesium Click here to cancel reply.
Magnesium is used in following diseases
Latest News
- FDA approves Ruconest for treatment of hereditary angioedema
- FDA recommend against aspirin to prevent First Heart Attacks
- FDA approves Pomalyst (pomalidomide) for advanced multiple myeloma
- FDA approves three new drug treatments for type 2 diabetes
- Long-term consequences of vaginal delivery on the pelvic floor
No comments yet.