Gliclazide

Indications
 Oral
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Adult: Initially, 40-80 mg daily gradually increased to 320 mg daily if necessary. Doses >160 mg daily may be given in 2 divided doses. For modified release tab: Initially, 30 mg once daily, may increase up to 120 mg daily.
Contraindications
 Type 1 DM, diabetes complicated with ketoacidosis; hypersensitivity; severe renal and hepatic impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.
Warnings / Precautions
 Monitor blood glucose concentration. May require insulin during metabolic stress. Care when transferring from combination therapy. Increased risk of severe hypoglycaemia in elderly, debilitated patients, patients with hepatic or renal impairment. Risk of hypogylcaemia when caloric intake is deficient, after strenuous exercise, when taken with ethanol or when >1 antidiabetic drug is used.
Adverse Reactions
 GI disturbances, skin reaction, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, haemolytic anaemia, cholestatic jaundice, vomiting, diarrhoea, gastritis, increased transaminases.
Drug Interactions
 Nausea and flushing with alcohol. Hypoglycaemic effect increased by salicylates, phenylbutazone, clofibrate, sulphonamides, oral anticoagulants and MAOIs. Hypoglycaemic effect diminished by rifampicin, barbiturates, alcohol, diuretics, diazoxide, corticosteroids, β-blockers, oestrogens and sympathomimetic drugs; dose adjustment may be required.
See Below for More gliclazide Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Gliclazide stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis, and lowers blood glucose concentrations. It also inhibits platelet aggregation at therapeutic doses.
Duration: ≥12 hr.
Absorption: Readily absorbed from the GI tract (oral).
Distribution: Protein-binding: 94%.
Metabolism: Extensively hepatic; converted to inactive metabolites.
Excretion: Urine (60-70% metabolites and small amounts of unchanged drug); faeces (10-20%); 10-12 hr (elimination half-life).
Administration
 Should be taken with food.
ATC Classification
 A10BB09 - gliclazide ; Belongs to the class of sulfonamides, urea derivatives. Used in the treatment of diabetes.
Available As
  • Gliclazide 160 mg
  • Gliclazide 30 mg
  • Gliclazide 40 mg
  • Gliclazide 60 mg
  • Gliclazide BP 60 mg
  • Gliclazide 80 mg
  • Gliclazide BP 80 mg

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