Indications |
Oral Uncomplicated urinary tract infections Adult: 125 mg bid. Oral Respiratory tract infections Adult: 250-500 mg bid. Child: >3 mth: 125 mg bid or 10 mg/kg bid. Max dose: 250 mg daily. Oral Uncomplicated gonorrhoea Adult: 1 g as a single dose. 1 g oral probenecid may be given concurrently. Oral Otitis media Child: >2 yr: 250 mg bid or 15 mg/kg bid up to 500 mg daily. Intravenous Meningitis Adult: 3 g every 8 hr. Child: 200-240 mg/kg/day in 3-4 divided doses, decreased to 100 mg/kg/day after 3 days or once symptoms have improved. Neonate: 100 mg/kg/day, decreased to 50 mg/kg/day when control has been achieved. Renal impairment: Patients undergoing haemodialysis should receive an additional 750-mg dose after each dialysis; those undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis may be given 750 mg bid.
Intramuscular Gonorrhoea Adult: 1.5 mg as a single dose divided between 2 inj sites. 1 g oral probenecid may be given concurrently. Renal impairment: Patients undergoing haemodialysis should receive an additional 750-mg dose after each dialysis; those undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis may be given 750 mg bid.
Parenteral Prophylaxis of surgical infections Adult: 1.5 g IV before the procedure followed by 750 mg IM every 8 hr for up to 24-48 hr depending on the procedure. For total joint replacement, 1.5 g of cefuroxime may be mixed with methylmethacrylate cement. Renal impairment: Patients undergoing haemodialysis should receive an additional 750-mg dose after each dialysis; those undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis may be given 750 mg bid.
Parenteral Susceptible infections Adult: 750 mg every 8 hr given as deep IM or slow IV inj over 3-5 min or IV infusion, increased to 1.5 g every 6-8 hr in severe infections. Child: 30-60 mg/kg/day, may increase to 100 mg/kg/day if necessary. To be given in 3-4 divided doses or 2-3 divided doses in neonates. Renal impairment: Patients undergoing haemodialysis should receive an additional 750-mg dose after each dialysis; those undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis may be given 750 mg bid.
Incompatibility: Incompatible with aminoglycosides. |
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Contraindications |
Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warnings / Precautions |
Severe renal impairment; pregnancy, lactation; hypersensitivity to penicillins. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Adverse Reactions |
Large doses can cause cerebral irritation and convulsions; nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, GI disturbances; erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, epidermal necrolysis. Potentially Fatal: Anaphylaxis, nephrotoxicity, pseudomembranous colitis. |
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Drug Interactions |
Probenecid decreases renal clearance of cefuroxime. Potentially Fatal: Nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides and furosemide. See Below for More cefuroxime Drug Interactions |
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Lab Interactions |
False-positive for Coombs' test. It may interfere with urine-sugar estimation. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Food Interactions |
Oral cefuroxime axetil is better absorbed after food intake. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mechanism of Actions |
Cefuroxime binds to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death. Absorption: Absorbed from the GI tract with peak plasma concentrations after 2-3 hr (oral); may be enhanced by the presence of food. Distribution: Pleural and synovial fluid, sputum, bone and aqueous fluids; CSF (therapeutic concentrations). Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Protein-binding: Up to 50%. Metabolism: Rapidly hydrolysed (intestinal mucosa and blood). Excretion: Via the urine by glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion (as unchanged); via bile (small amounts); 70 min (elimination half-life); prolonged in neonates and renal impairment. |
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Administration |
Should be taken with food. |
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Storage Conditions |
Intramuscular: Store at 15-30°C. Intravenous: Store at 15-30°C. Oral: Store at 15-30°C. Parenteral: Inj: Store at 15-30°C. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
ATC Classification |
J01DC02 - cefuroxime ; Belongs to the class of second-generation cephalosporins. Used in the systemic treatment of infections. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Storage |
Intramuscular: Store at 15-30°C. Intravenous: Store at 15-30°C. Oral: Store at 15-30°C. Parenteral: Inj: Store at 15-30°C. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Available As |
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Cefuroxime
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Cefuroxime is used in following diseases
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