Amlodipine

Indications
 Oral
Hypertension, Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina
Adult: Initially, 5 mg once daily increased to 10 mg once daily if necessary.
Elderly: Initial dose: 2.5 mg once daily.
Hepatic impairment: Initial dose: 2.5 mg once daily.
Contraindications
 Known hypersensitivity to dihydropyridines.
Warnings / Precautions
 Impaired liver or renal function, CHF, sick-sinus syndrome, severe ventricular dysfunction, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, severe aortic stenosis. Caution when used in patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. Elderly, children. Pregnancy, lactation.
Adverse Reactions
 Headache, peripheral oedema, fatigue, somnolence, nausea, abdominal pain, flushing, dyspepsia, palpitations, dizziness. Rarely pruritus, rash, dyspnoea, asthenia, muscle cramps.
Potentially Fatal: Hypotension, bradycardia, conductive system delay and CCF.
Overdose Reactions
 Overdosage may cause marked peripheral vasodilation and hypotension.
Drug Interactions
 Increased metabolism with rifampin. Reduced hypotensive effect with calcium. Potentiates effects of thiazide diuretics and ACE inhibitors. Avoid combination with β-blockers in patients with markedly impaired left ventricular function. May increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates e.g. aminophylline, fluvoxamine, ropinirole. CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g. clarithromycin, doxycycline, isoniazid, nicardipine) may increase the effects of amlodipine. Additive BP-lowering effects when used with sildenafil, tadalafil or vardenafil.
See Below for More amlodipine Drug Interactions
Mechanism of Actions
 Amlodipine relaxes peripheral and coronary vascular smooth muscle. It produces coronary vasodilation by inhibiting the entry of Ca ions into the voltage-sensitive channels of the vascular smooth muscle and myocardium during depolarisation. It also increases myocardial O2 delivery in patients with vasospastic angina.
Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract (oral); peak plasma concentrations after 6-12 hr.
Distribution: Protein-binding: 97.5%.
Metabolism: Hepatic: Extensive.
Excretion: Via urine (mainly as metabolites, 10% as unchanged); 35-50 hr (elimination half-life).
Administration
 May be taken with or without food.
Storage Conditions
 Oral: Store at 15-30°C.
ATC Classification
 C08CA01 - amlodipine ; Belongs to the class of dihydropyridine derivative selective calcium-channel blockers with mainly vascular effects. Used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Storage
 Oral: Store at 15-30°C.
Available As
  • Amlodipine 1.25 mg
  • Amlodipine Besilate 1.25 mg
  • Amlodipine 10 mg
  • Amlodipine Besilate 10 mg
  • Amlodipine 150 mg
  • Amlodipine 2.5 mg
  • Amlodipine Besilate 2.5 mg
  • Amlodipine 20 mg
  • Amlodipine 4 mg
  • Amlodipine 5 mg
  • Amlodipine Besilate 5 mg
  • Amlodipine 50 mg
  • Amlodipine 7.5 mg
  • Amlodipine 8 mg

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